Machine for forming conoidal surfaces



Sept. 18,' 1951 v R. G. R. TouvAY MACHINE FOR FoRMING coNoInAL sURFAcEs3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. l0, 1946 FIC-1.3.

, INvaNToR ROBERT GRTOUVAY /hnsrvi ATTO QNEYS Sept. 18, 19517 R. G. R.TouvAY MACHINE FOR FORMING CONOIDAL SURFACES 3 Sh'eets-Shee'tI 2 FiledDec. 10, 1946 R O T N E V N ROBERT G RTouvAYA ATTo RNsYs R. G. R. TOUVAYMACHINE FOR FORMING CONOIDAL SURFACES sept. 1s, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 5Filed Dec. 10, 1946 INVENroR ROBERT GRTOU'VAY TTORNEYS y iatented Sept.1.8, 1951` f' l UNIT-ED STAT-Es MAoHiNE "Soc ron FORMING ooNoIn'AL .,rsURFAcEsl new August 8,--1946' v vllttt'ent expires Marchf2'll1965 Thisinvention-is directedto. providing lrleans i aroundhan axis inclined .tothe; plane 110i transf verse movement of the tool. In the followingxitwilll-bepresumed that the axis of vrotation of the work is horizontaland inclinationsof ,the various axesof movement will .be described; onthis pre- -`s-u-rnp'tionbut it .Willbe obvious4 that the axis vofrfro'tato may have `any ,orientation desired, -in

.which easefthev orientations hereinafter fdescribled will changeto`preserve therelative orientations ltobelset forth.f Y v4Theforlningtool .may be either acuttingtool.v

-or-a -grindirigftool Inthe'latter Case itwill be toiindi advisable tomaintain its `Working face,Y at a1-'tangent to the surface operated onand my `vinvention vincludes means jfor this purpose. This is especiallydesirablezwhen thefworki-ng sur-face Lof the tool isatrightanglesto,theaxis of rotation ofathetooLas `inthe case Withzendgrinding.

Y'Ilhisinventioniwill be foundespeciallygusefyul sin shapingice1-'amicdenses Land mirrors. :Referring,tof'theldrewings, in :whichCierresponding parts are designated by corresponding .vr-lm ark-s0f-.rei@rence v y r Eigures .L `.21m-3, are respectively a .Sida en end,landv .ai Aplan vieu/ofi an; apparatus yernb( :idyirig 4 in invention,Qthemeridi'an vcurv ,relpresented" gbeing of greaterlradiusfthantha ,nin Y,lzjigure l y.for they *purposesV of better illus Figures 4- and 5are yr'e'spectivelyj'a( side i, plan fviewof .a form 'thereof intwhfich'"nie navidadfortemanta "'ngttefwqn' i f Hetool .at axed orientati@ iniSpe'fittthe ace. it is working' @nat ayiimehmerdin rive represented inlieure. bei.

ius. than that sh0rtie Figure. r411i@ of*betteriillustration.' l

",'Figure .Gis a deban of a.raartbiihemesbaeism shown in'Figlilje 4. j

Figures 7 and 8 are respectively side arid plan -deta'il views-kof amodifiedfond-offthecortrls shown in Figures 1,2 and-3.

' AVFigure Sis, a plan view of a modifiedV form'iof thelmounting-for thetool which 'constrains it to @move in a-horizontal plane. Referring-to YFiguresI 1, 21 and 3,' Y Ii'suth'efwork being operated on, mounted on achuck 2v (as by -oementing on theforwardend of the horizontalYhead.stookv `rotated in any suitable Way and .mounted inzbearings inthe carriage l4, whiohlis `,Slidingly mounted on lthe base 5 by whichthe Work may be advanced towards thetool-'i lcarried inthehorizontaldplaneof the axis of lrotation. of ,theheaolv stockbylthegtoolrest 6.

1- The tool restis carried onltheL outer end of, a 1ink| l;, the otherend ci YWhichrhas earslll pivotedgonthev outerkendIof a link 9, theoppositeend of Whichfis carried bythe shaft 8 mounted inthe sideoflthebase. 5tomov e around the vertical axis E-F. Thus the tool holder canvbe shifted ,gacross the `axis of thework by the handle 6al and awhileconstrained to` Inoveiin a horizontal plane Aby the; linksvgand l| isfree to occupy awide range ofipositionsi n that plane. Instead ofswinging thetoolgholder by ihandan automatic transverse .feed may IIcegiven to itby a Worm -wheeli on the shaftaaand a properly driven neworn'ia32'. l

Iifdesred, instead of carrying the tool holderon -the single linksf andlll, as shown in Figure Il,

tolpermit the tool to. be presented to the surface ofthe work at anydesired angle to the axis of ro- .,tation, the tool holder (see-'Figure3) may 'be pivoted to` the-end of theflinki l so as .to turn f aronnd avertical axis G-H, the handle Babeing usedto control suchfangle. A

f v nThe pathloflmotion of the tool in the horizontal :planeiscontr'o1led by a driver l5 (see Figures 1, ..2 and, 3) movingin ahorizontal planein a .curve A:forxnedzby the intersection of such planeand the successive positions". of a generatrix moving aroundan axis atanangleto said plane, thein- `v.lolination of? theaXisidetermining which`ofth .several conoids. Willbeformedbynthe tool. 45'- 'i :,-arkeyedtoavertical shaft llfhaving itslower :iFor this purpo'se the ears -I3 ofthetool holder ile'n'd connected by av universal jointwith the, driver, at?a point' P in theaxis G--H` passingthrough the work pointf'InfFigu'res.1 and 2 this joint ,is formed byxthe ball" la; on a rod lvslidinglyvngle to the axis-O-K of the frame 23larou`nd .Whchlthebearing |.9 .may.oscillate andthe po- 3 sition of the point P is at all times at theintersection of the axis G-H and the axis O-I, the meridian curverepresented in Figure 5 being of greater radius than that shown inFigure 4 for the purposes of better illustration.

As the vertical distance between the tool and the driver is xed and asthe tool is constrained to move in a horizontal plane, it follows thatthe driver can only move in a horizontal plane. The position of thedriver in this plane will, however, be determined by the angularrelation of such plane to the axis O-K. Thus if O--K is vertical thedriver will describe a circle in a horizontal plane while if inclinedits path will be elliptical, parabolic, or hyperbolic in accordance withthe angle existing between such angle and the horizontal. If the tool isconstrained to follow the motion of the driver in its horizontal plane,the tool will traverse the work with a similar curve.

It will be noted that the axis O-I of thebearing I9 in moving around theaxis O-K generates a coned surface and that lthe point P is always onthat surface and also always in' one horizontal plane.

- In order to permit the inclination of the axis O-K to be varied inaccordance with the shape 'which it is desired to be given to the work,the

axis O-K is central of the bearing I9 between ears A2| of a carrier 22`mounted to move in a circular path on the slides 25 and 26 around thepoint P and to be locked thereon by means VAof the bolts 29.

In order to control the size of the coned path described by the point P,the carrier 22 is pro- ',"vided with a slot v28 which is parallel to theaxis O-I of Figure 1, and finally locked in the convenient position bymeans of the bolts 30.

In the constructions justA discussed the tool may be manually'shiftedangularly in a hori- `zontal plane in respect to the axis of rotation#of .the,work, but when the tool is an end grinding one, as shown at Iaof Figures 4 and 5, it is desirable that it be maintained during itstransverse movement with its working face tangent to the point of thesurface operated on. A means of accomplishing this is shown in Figures 4and '5 involving locking the bar I8 against rotation in the bearingr I9(as by squaring the bar) and a nger. 33 projecting laterally from thebar I8 in the same plane as are the axes O-I and O-K and taken into aslot 34a in a curved ear projecting downwardly and rearwardly from thebottom of the tool holder in the vertical plane of axis L-M of the tool1a, see Fig. 6.v This is further illustrated in Figure 6 whichrepresents two positions assumed by a tool holder. position onthe rightthe tool is axial of the head In the stock; while that to the left isoff center. In

moving from the rst position tothe second the which path lies in ahorizontal plane, this being :permitted by the endwise motion of thebar. The

tool 'la likewise has moved from L to L along a path W parallel with thepath W.

In Figures 'l and 8 a form of my invention is disclosed embodying agimbal joint in lieu of the ball and socket joint previously discussed.

The members of this joint are of the usual construction consisting oftwo yokes 31 and 38 the former connected to the bar I8 and the latterwith the tool holder 6 or pivot pin I6. In any 4 event the effectivecenter R `of the gimbal joint should be at the intersection of the axesG-H and O-L Having thus described my invention what I claim as newl anduseful and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination with a horizontalhead stock and chuck mounted thereon, of a tool holder provided withmeans for moving it transversely of the head stock in a'vhorizontalplane, means for giving the tool holder any desired angular relation tothe axis of the head stock about the vertical `axis passing by theworking point of the tool and the axis of the head stock, a frame drivenabout an axis contained in the vertical plane of the axis of the headstock, a driver mounted on the same frame and capable of movementlengthwise of a straight guide secured to the frame and inclined to theaxis of lthe frame, a universal joint connecting .the driverand toolholderwhereby the tool is constrained to follow the path of movement ofthe driver and whereby the driver is constrained to move in a planeparallel with that in which the tool holder is movable, means fortilting the frameabout the center of the driver when. that center ,is inthe vertical plane of the head stock and means for sliding the frame insaid plane along aline parallel to the straight guide when it is in saidvertical plane.`

2. In a device for forming articles with a conoidal surface, thecombination with a horizontal headstock and a chuck mounted thereon, ofa forming tool and its holder, a pair of links pivoted to each other,one of such links being pivoted to the tool holder, andthe other to thestationary frame, all of said pivots being vertical and the pivotbetween the first link and holder being in the vertical line of theworking end of the forming tool, a movable driver, a universal jointbetween the driver and'tool holder located in the vertical line of theworking end of the forming tool, a guide for the Vdriver movable aboutan axis in the vertical plane of the headstock and oblique to the axisof the guide, the axis of the said guide being also movable in the planeof the tool holder, and. means for locking the carrier in a selectedposition and orientation and means for moving the tool holderhorizontally.

3. In a device for forming articles with' a conoidal surface, thecombination with a horizontal head stock and a chuck mounted thereon, ofa forming tool, a movable .holder therefor, a stationary support, a pairof links pivoted to each other, one of said links being pivoted to tothe tool holder and the other to the stationary support, all of ysaidpivots-being vertical with the pivot betweennsaid Aiirst named link andholder located in the vertical line ofthe working' end of the formingtool, a movable driver, a universal joint between thedriver and toolholder llocated in the vertical line of the working end of the formingtool. a frame guiding the driver mounted for rotation on a carrier aboutan axis oblique lto the axis ofthe driver said axis being y alsolocatedin the vertical plane of the axis lli of the head stock, said carrierfor the frame beingk movably mounted on the stationary support to tiltin a vertical plane about the center of the universal joint when thedriver is in the vertical plane of the axis of the head. stock, meansfor locking the carrier in a selected posi- -moving the tool holderhorizontally. f

.tion "on :said stationary support, :and means for 4, In a devicevforaferming articles. withf-a fconoidal: suriace,;the combina-tionwithfa horizontal head stockanda :chuckmounted thereon,

of Aa forming;tdoliialhoble holder therefor,

a stationary support, a 4parallel link device articulated to the holdervatione end and to said stationarygsllpport at the uother end with .the

-carrylngf'fthe driver. .mounted-.Zier rotation fon a carrier'about anaxis oblique to the driver said axis being also located in the verticalplane vof the axis of the head stock, said carrier for the frame beingmovably mounted on the stationary support to tilt in said vertical planeabout the center of the universal joint when the driver is in thevertical plane of the axis of the head stock, means for locking thelcarrier in a selected position on said stationary vsupport and meansfor moving the tool holder horizontally.

5. In a device for forming articles with conoidal surfaces, thecombination with a horizontal head stock and chuck mounted thereon, of agrinding tool in the horizontal plane of the axis of the head stock, amovable holder for the tool, a stationary support, a pair of linkspivoted to each other, one of said links being pivoted to the toolholder and the other to said stationary support, all of said pivotsbeing vertical with the pivot `between the first named link and holderlocated in the vertical line of the working end of the forming tool, amovable driver, a universal joint between the driver and tool holderlocated in the vertical line of the working end of the forming tool, aframe carrying the driver mounted for rotation on a carrier about anaxis oblique to the driver said axis being also located in the verticalplane of the head stock, means for tilting the carrier and frame aboutan axis at right angles to the vertical plane of the head stock, aslotted ear projecting rearwardly from the tool holder in the verticalplane of the head stock and having a slot therein elongated in the saidplane, a linger on the driver projecting in the vertical plane of thehead stock when the driver is in such plane and engaging said slot andmeans for locking the frame in a selected position on said stationarysupport.

6. In a device of the class decribed, the combination with a horizontalhead stock and chuck thereon, of a forming tool, a movable holder forthe-tool whereby the working point of the tool is movable in themorizontal plane of the axis of the head stock, an ear projectingrearwardly from the tool holder having an elongated slot therein lyingin the vertical plane with the working point of the tool, a framemounted for rotation on a carrier and driven about an axis inclined tothe axis of the head stock, said axis being also located in the verticalplane of said head stock, a bar slidingly mounted in said frame andmovable in a path inclined .to the axis of the frame, a universal jointconnecting said bar and tool holder at a point vertically below theworking point of the tool and at a fixed distance therefrom and a fingerprojecting outwardly from the said bar engaging said slot and located inthe same plane as the universal joint and the axis of the frame.

7. In a device of the class described, the com- Y movable holdertherefor provided with a pivotal 'binatioi Withahorizontal,headstockanda-chuck including ,a ipi uotshaft,a support, Ameans for zontalplan'of; the xls-of tlsi' head stockla frame t `10 ori a carrier about. .an-aaiis cal yplane of the axis kof the 4:head-stock, :a gdriver slidablyhmounted on the frame. a carrier. for' the lframe mounted von, saidsupport fory lmovement in, laistraight line :inclined to the axis of fAthe fra-me, la universal joint con- A-necting the driverandgsaidpivotshaft ofthe v,tool holder wherebylzthe :movement of the.I 15001controlled by the movements of the driver and whereby the center of theuniversal joint is constrained to move in a plane parallel with that 1nwhich the tool holder is movable, means for tilting the carrier on saidsupport about the center of the universal joint when that center is inthe vertical plane of the head stock and means for adjusting the carrierand frame on said support in said plane alonga line parallel to the axisof the driver when it is in said vertical plane.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with a horizontalhead stock and a chuck mounted thereon, of a forming tool, a

mounting including a pivot shaft having its axis located in verticalalignment with the working point of the forming tool, means for movingthe working point of the tool in the horizontal plane of the axis of thehead stock, a carrier, a frame mounted on the carrier for rotation aboutan axis located in the vertical plane of the axis of the head stock, adriver slidably mounted on the frame at an angle to the axis of theframe, a universal joint connecting the driver and the pivot shaft ofthe tool holder at a point vertically aligned with the tool pointwhereby the movement of the tool is controlled by the movements of thedriver and whereby the axis of the driver is constrained to move in aplane parallel with that in which the tool holder is movable.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination with a horizontalhead stock and chuck mounted thereon, of a forming tool, a movableholder therefor, means for moving the holder so as to move the workingpoint of the tool in the horizontal plane of the axis of the head stock,a frame mounted for rotation on a movable carrier and driven about anaxis inclined to the axis of the head stock and contained in thevertical plane of said head stock, a reciprocal bar mounted in saidframe to drive it and arranged to move along its own axis, a universaljoint connecting the said bar and the tool holder at a point verticallybelow the working point of the tool and at a fixed distance therefrom, asliding connection between the tool holder and the bar located in thesame plane as the universal joint and the axis of the frame, means fortilting the carrier and frame about the center of the universal joint inthe vertical plane of the head stock in a direction parallel to that ofthe bar when the latter is located in the vertical plane of the headstock.

l0. In a device of the class described, the combination with ahorizontal head stock and chuck mounted thereon, of a forming tool, amovable holder therefor, a pivot for the holder located in verticalalignment with the working point of the tool and the axis of the headstock. a forming tool mounted in the holder so as to traverse thehorizontal plane of the axis of the head stock, an ear projectingrearward from the tool holder and having' areeiong'ated siot in thevertical axial `plane of the tool, a frame mounted for rotation on amovable carrier and driven about an axis inclined-to the axis of thehead stock and contained in'its`vertical plane; a bar slidingly mountedin said frame-to drive it vand arranged to move in a 4path inclined tothe axis of the-frame, a nger vconnected to said bar engaging the slotin said ear andlocated inthe vertical plane of the head stock when thesliding bar is in that plane, a uni- -vrsal joint connecting said4barand tool holder at a point vertically below the working point of thetool and at a xed distance therefrom, a supyport Vfor said carrier,means for tilting the carrier andvframe about the center of theuniversal joint and in the vertical plane oi"l the head Stock and -meansfor sliding the carrier on said support in 10 file of this patentz'UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date- Nerz Nov. 21, 1899 Number

